Research Articles
Optimization
Hamed Maleki; Mohammad Sadegh Sepasian; Mohammad Reza Aghamohammadi; Mousa Marzband
Abstract
This study investigates the optimal design configuration of a hydrogen refueling station located in southern Iran, focusing on the integration of renewable energy sources and seawater desalination technology to achieve self-sufficiency. The station integrates various components, including photovoltaic ...
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This study investigates the optimal design configuration of a hydrogen refueling station located in southern Iran, focusing on the integration of renewable energy sources and seawater desalination technology to achieve self-sufficiency. The station integrates various components, including photovoltaic panels, fuel cells, desalination units, natural gas and power-to-hydrogen conversion systems, and storage facilities for water and hydrogen. The primary goals are to achieve an independent power supply from renewable sources and an autonomous water supply through seawater desalination. To determine the most cost-effective configuration, a Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) model is developed, taking into account the water and power consumption of each component. The objective is to minimize the Net Present Cost (NPC) of investment, maintenance, and operation. The model is implemented and solved using the CBC solver within the PYOMO environment. The study's findings reveal that converting natural gas to hydrogen is more economically viable than power-to-hydrogen conversion, with the former accounting for more than 95% of the hydrogen produced. The power demand is effectively met by a combination of photovoltaic systems, fuel cells, and hydrogen storage. Moreover, the study highlights the benefits of integrating water and hydrogen storage systems, which optimizes the utilization of photovoltaic energy. Excess energy generated by the photovoltaic panels is utilized for seawater desalination and the production of green hydrogen
Research Articles
Industrial Electronics
Saleh Mohammadi; Hamid Reza Izadfar; Naser Eskandarian
Abstract
This research aims to provide a comprehensive review of various CCM control strategies for flyback inverters. The study is carried out based on published data in reports, papers and other available online documents. The introduced control strategies make use of different approaches to dominate the constraints ...
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This research aims to provide a comprehensive review of various CCM control strategies for flyback inverters. The study is carried out based on published data in reports, papers and other available online documents. The introduced control strategies make use of different approaches to dominate the constraints on determining the feedback control system gains caused by the zero put on right-half-plane (RHP) and dynamics of LC filter. Thus, the tracking of the considered output current is accurately implemented and the introduced control systems carry out the attenuation of disturbances. Moreover, zero steady-state error and the stability requirements are fulfilled by properly regulating the control signal. The best control structure should be enough fast employing the fewest number of delays in its structure resulting the burden in computational system to be considerably decreased.
Research Articles
Power systems
Milad Niaz Azari; Iraj Ahmadi; Hossein Aboulqasemi
Abstract
In this paper, the loss of excitation fault (LOE) as one of the most common fault in synchronous generator is analyzed and the methods for detecting this fault are investigated. Then, the performance of the power system equipped with STATCOM is simulated in the Matlab / Simulink software and the effects ...
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In this paper, the loss of excitation fault (LOE) as one of the most common fault in synchronous generator is analyzed and the methods for detecting this fault are investigated. Then, the performance of the power system equipped with STATCOM is simulated in the Matlab / Simulink software and the effects of the generator performance on the resistor and its derivatives in the generator terminal are analyzed. A new method for LOE detection based on derivative of resistance is proposed. To illustrate the efficiency of this method various sizes and conditions for generator load are considered. The simulation results show that the amount of resistance time derivative in all cases, whether with or without STATCOM, behaves the same as a new criterion for detecting the LOE of an effective and useful method that is faster and more accurate than conventional methods. Simulation results in different amount and type of the loads shows the validity of the proposed method.
Research Articles
Optimization
Seyed-Saeid Moosavi-Anchehpoli; Mahmood Moghaddasian; Maryam Golpour
Abstract
In an electric vehicle, energy storage systems (ESSs) are critical for sinking and sourcing power as well as ensuring operational protection. Because of their high power density, quick charging or discharging, and low internal loss, supercapacitors (SCs) are a recent addition to the types of energy storage ...
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In an electric vehicle, energy storage systems (ESSs) are critical for sinking and sourcing power as well as ensuring operational protection. Because of their high power density, quick charging or discharging, and low internal loss, supercapacitors (SCs) are a recent addition to the types of energy storage units that can be used in an electric vehicle as an energy storage systems. They can be used in conjunction with batteries or fuel cells to create a hybrid energy storage device that maximizes the benefits of each component while minimizing the disadvantages. This paper presents a multilayer perceptrons (MLP) feedforward artificial neural network for supercapacitor state-of-charge diagnosis in vehicular applications. The proposed approach is tested using a supercapacitor Maxwel model that is subjected to complex charge and discharge current profiles as well as temperature changes. The proposed wavelet neural network and the validation results significantly improves state-of-charge estimation accuracy in different current discharge profiles.
Research Articles
Control
Mohammadrasol Hajali; Ramezan Havangi
Abstract
In the field of mobile robot navigation, challenges such as nonlinear conditions, uncertainties, and the development of advanced methods have necessitated accurate position estimation. In this paper, fuzzy based adaptive unscented Kalman filter (FAUKF) is evaluted to enhance the state estimation ...
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In the field of mobile robot navigation, challenges such as nonlinear conditions, uncertainties, and the development of advanced methods have necessitated accurate position estimation. In this paper, fuzzy based adaptive unscented Kalman filter (FAUKF) is evaluted to enhance the state estimation performance for mobile robot localization. In proposed method, the FAUKF algorithm effectively removes the noise uncertainty by adaptively adjusting the covariance of the measurement noise according to the adaptation law. The output of the Mamdani Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) acts as an observer and improves the matching law. The results of this research show the accuracy of FAUKF algorithm position estimation compared to traditional UKF methods. Also, this study presents a pioneering navigation strategy for mobile robots, which integrates random tree routing algorithm with rapid exploration (RRT*) for optimal path design in indoor environments. The goal of RRT* integration is to create optimal routes taking into account safety and environmental constraints. By combining the Kalman filter prediction and updating steps, this method reduces the accumulation of uncertainty during the localization process and facilitates accurate localization and path planning towards the target.The simulation results confirm the effectiveness of this method in keeping the uncertainty levels in localization constant over time. The presented adaptive method enables efficient navigation in complex environments. Path planning is a critical element in robotics applications and the RRT* based approach presented in this paper provides a comprehensive solution to create optimal and efficient paths.
Research Articles
Industrial Electronics
Javad Rahmanifard; Saeed Hasanzadeh
Abstract
This paper presents an Enhanced Model-Free Sliding Mode Control (EMFSMC) method tailored for the speed loop of a 12-slot/19-pole yokeless and segmented armature axial flux-switching permanent magnet (12S/19P YASA-AFFSSPM) motor, focusing on robustness against parameter perturbations. Traditional control ...
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This paper presents an Enhanced Model-Free Sliding Mode Control (EMFSMC) method tailored for the speed loop of a 12-slot/19-pole yokeless and segmented armature axial flux-switching permanent magnet (12S/19P YASA-AFFSSPM) motor, focusing on robustness against parameter perturbations. Traditional control techniques, such as Proportional-Integral (PI) control and Model-Free Sliding Mode Control (MFSMC), have shown limitations in handling the motor's nonlinear behavior and susceptibility to disturbances. The proposed EMFSMC algorithm optimizes speed loop performance by establishing a hyperlocal model of the YASA-AFFSSPM motor, which accounts for parameter variations. An improved double-power combinatorial reaching law is developed to enhance convergence rates during the sliding surface approach phase, while an Extended Sliding Mode Disturbance Observer (ESMDO) provides real-time monitoring of unknown disturbances affecting speed control. Simulation results demonstrate that the EMFSMC significantly accelerates the speed response time to approximately 0.015 seconds with minimal overshoot, compared to 0.04 seconds and a 12.5% overshoot with the MFSMC. Additionally, under sudden load conditions, the EMFSMC controller exhibits a speed drop of only 4 rpm, recovering to stability in about 0.01 seconds, while the MFSMC controller experiences a 9 rpm drop with a recovery time of 0.03 seconds. These findings confirm that the EMFSMC enhances the speed response rate and robustness of the speed loop, outperforming traditional control methodologies across various operating conditions.
Research Articles
Industrial Electronics
Jasem Shahsevani; Reza Beiranvand
Abstract
This article presents a transformer-less bidirectional converter, which is designed with dual resonant frequencies. It supports Electric Vehicle (EV) charging systems, via capacitive coupling wireless power transfer (CCWPT) technique. In addition, its bidirectional power transfer feature can be used ...
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This article presents a transformer-less bidirectional converter, which is designed with dual resonant frequencies. It supports Electric Vehicle (EV) charging systems, via capacitive coupling wireless power transfer (CCWPT) technique. In addition, its bidirectional power transfer feature can be used to return energy to the stations of the power-wall systems. This converter smoothly operates in both voltage step-up and step-down operation modes, which provides soft switching conditions for all semiconductor switches. Capacitive coupling technique provides robust galvanic isolation between the primary and secondary sides circuits, while the transformer-less design improves its efficiency and reduces its volume and cost, significantly. The proposed converter supports both full-bridge and half-bridge configurations to adapt to diverse power transfer requirements. The cost-effective CCWPT setup enables multi-EV charging from a single station. A prototype of the given converter has been meticulously developed and experimentally validated, demonstrating excellent performance. The converter efficiently converts output power in a wide range from 200 W to 1000 W, accommodates input voltage from 300 to 500 V, delivers a 400 V output voltage, which is suitable for EV battery charging. It also achieves maximum efficiency value of 96%, in practice.
Research Articles
Control
Hossein Zahmatkesh; Hussein Eliasi
Abstract
State estimation of nuclear reactors often plays a crucial role in accomplishing load-following control. This study presents a novel approach that leverages a weighted particle filter to address the challenges associated with estimating these crucial parameters, including relative precursor concentration ...
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State estimation of nuclear reactors often plays a crucial role in accomplishing load-following control. This study presents a novel approach that leverages a weighted particle filter to address the challenges associated with estimating these crucial parameters, including relative precursor concentration (C_r) and fuel temperature (T_f), under varying reactor power conditions. A high-fidelity nonlinear dynamic reactor model was developed, incorporating noises in both process and measurement models. The proposed method was evaluated by extensive simulations under a wide range of operational scenarios. The particle filter demonstrated exceptional performance in tracking the time-varying states of the nuclear reactor. Comparative analysis with a conventional Kalman filter and the extended Kalman filter revealed the superior robustness of the particle filter in handling nonlinearities inherent in nuclear systems. The proposed approach offers several advantages, including the ability to capture multimodal distributions, handle non-Gaussian noise, and provide probabilistic estimates. Despite the increased computational cost associated with particle filtering, the benefits in terms of estimation accuracy and reliability justify its application in nuclear power plant monitoring and control systems.
Research Articles
Power systems
Reza Karimi; Abbas Ketabi; Seyyed Mohammad Nobakhti
Abstract
The utilization of distributed generation (DG) sources in distribution systems has experienced significant growth due to their numerous advantages. Despite benefits such as voltage support and reduced losses, DG integration has introduced substantial challenges to distribution system protection, impairing ...
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The utilization of distributed generation (DG) sources in distribution systems has experienced significant growth due to their numerous advantages. Despite benefits such as voltage support and reduced losses, DG integration has introduced substantial challenges to distribution system protection, impairing the performance of conventional protection schemes. Variations in fault current levels, especially during islanding conditions, and bidirectional fault current flow are among the factors influencing the operation of traditional protection schemes. Under such conditions, directional overcurrent relays may not operate as intended. Moreover, coordinating multiple overcurrent relays is often challenging and can lead to increased operating times of protective relays. This paper proposes a directional comparison protection scheme for protecting lines and zones in active distribution systems based on the calculation of incremental active power transient energy. The proposed scheme is capable of detecting faults on microgrid lines at both low and medium voltage levels and is adaptable to changes in microgrid configuration. To prevent the directional protection scheme from operating during load switching transients, a differential protection scheme based on the calculation of transient energy of current signals is employed. The proposed methods offer the advantages of ease of calculation and high accuracy. An AC active distribution system incorporating inverter-based DG sources is implemented in the PSCAD-EMTDC software to simulate various fault types. The simulation results are then transferred to MATLAB for the implementation of the proposed algorithms.
Research Articles
Industrial Electronics
Amir M. Mohamadi; Navid R. Abjadi; Gholam Reza Arab Markadeh
Abstract
The Siwakoti-H inverter (SHI) with a flying capacitor is a recent addition to the transformerless inverter family, suitable for grid-connected single-phase photovoltaic systems. It offers a promising alternative to traditional topologies without the need for transformers, due to its minimal power electronic ...
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The Siwakoti-H inverter (SHI) with a flying capacitor is a recent addition to the transformerless inverter family, suitable for grid-connected single-phase photovoltaic systems. It offers a promising alternative to traditional topologies without the need for transformers, due to its minimal power electronic components. However, one of the key challenges in managing flying capacitor (FC) inverters is ensuring that the voltage of the FC remains within the desired range. Materials and Methods: To tackle this issue, first, a novel nonlinear model of the SHI is obtained defining two control inputs and two control outputs, and then a nonlinear feedback linearization (FBL) control design is proposed for the SHI when connected to a single-phase grid. This article introduces a novel approach to the modeling and control of the SHI enabling simultaneous control of both the injected current to the grid and the flying capacitor voltage. The proposed modeling and the designed control method play a crucial role in maintaining the capacitor voltage within the specified range and in tracking a sinusoidal reference for the injected current into the single-phase network. A PWM implementation of the proposed control is also suggested which is useful in the practical setup. The obtained model can be extended for the SHI with other line filters and it can be used to design more sophisticated controllers for SHI. The simulation and practical results presented in this study demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed modeling and control approach.
