Industrial Electronics
Ghasem Rezazadeh; Hossein Bagherian Farahabadi
Abstract
This paper presents a new comprehensive study on multi-phase interleaved DC-DC boost converters for fuel cell power interface. High power density DC-DC converters are usually required due to the volumetric and gravimetric constraints in the various fuel cell power system applications. On the other hand, ...
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This paper presents a new comprehensive study on multi-phase interleaved DC-DC boost converters for fuel cell power interface. High power density DC-DC converters are usually required due to the volumetric and gravimetric constraints in the various fuel cell power system applications. On the other hand, in sensitive applications such as vehicular systems, using a reliable converter is a critical feature. Therefore, different multi-phase configurations with various phase numbers are investigated to find the configuration with the highest power density and reliability. Boost converters with single, two, and four-phase configurations are designed with considerably low input current and output voltage ripples compatible with the fuel cell application. Their performance parameters (especially their power densities) are investigated using the analytical and simulation results. To discuss their reliability, a reliability analysis based on a mathematical model and Markov diagram is employed to calculate the converters’ expected load loss values. In the end, among the considered configurations, the two-phase boost converter is selected to be used in fuel cell applications due to its superior performance in terms of power density and reliability. The selected boost configuration is implemented to extract the experimental results and verify the accuracy of the calculation and simulation results.
Industrial Electronics
Mohammad Reza Shaker Ardakani; Sara Hasanpour; Majid Moazzami; Fariborz Haghighatdar Fesharaki; Mahnaz Hashemi
Abstract
This paper presents a novel non-isolated DC-DC converter topology with several significant advantages. First, the input current remains continuous, thereby reducing the current stress on the input filter capacitor. Second, the converter utilizes the same number of inductors as conventional topologies ...
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This paper presents a novel non-isolated DC-DC converter topology with several significant advantages. First, the input current remains continuous, thereby reducing the current stress on the input filter capacitor. Second, the converter utilizes the same number of inductors as conventional topologies such as SEPIC, Zeta, and Ćuk converters. Third, it achieves high voltage gain at relatively low duty cycles. Fourth, the maximum voltage stress on the semiconductors remains well below the output voltage, ensuring improved device reliability. Fifth, the design incorporates only a single switch, simplifying the drive circuitry. Sixth, the voltage stress on the switch is significantly lower than the output voltage. Seventh, a quadruple voltage-lift is realized using an enhanced diode–capacitor voltage multiplier integrated at both stages of the converter. Finally, although the power circuit employs 15 diodes and 14 capacitors, the topology maintains a high voltage gain density, justifying the component count. Experimental results are provided to validate the theoretical analysis. The implemented prototype successfully boosts an input voltage of 20 V to an output of 1200 V at a 50% duty cycle, delivering an output power of less than 200 W.
Industrial Electronics
Mohsen Rahmani Haredasht; S. Masoud Barakati; Mohammad Bagheri Hashkavayi
Abstract
The modular multi-level converter (MMC) is widely recognized as one of the most promising structures for high-voltage and high-power applications due to its fully modular design, lack of bulky output filters, and independence from multiple DC sources. However, the large number of flying capacitors within ...
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The modular multi-level converter (MMC) is widely recognized as one of the most promising structures for high-voltage and high-power applications due to its fully modular design, lack of bulky output filters, and independence from multiple DC sources. However, the large number of flying capacitors within the MMC architecture presents significant challenges to system reliability, particularly in maintaining accurate voltage balance. Traditional methods to ensure voltage balancing require numerous voltage sensors, which increase both the cost and complexity of the system, potentially undermining its reliability. This paper introduces an innovative capacitor voltage balancing method aimed at enhancing the reliability of the MMC. By using a single voltage sensor for both half-bridge submodules (HB-SM), the proposed method simplifies the system architecture while ensuring precise voltage estimation through a simple sensor configuration. Furthermore, the unique placement of the voltage sensor facilitates a capacitance monitoring technique that accurately assesses the health of the capacitors, thereby further enhancing the converter's reliability. The proposed method's efficiency has been confirmed by simulation and experimental investigations in various scenarios.
Industrial Electronics
Mustafa Okati; Mohammad Osmani-Bojd
Abstract
This study introduces a non-isolated semi-quadratic DC/DC buck-boost converter designed to enhance performance. Derived from a conventional CUK converter, the proposed topology operates in two distinct modes: one providing a semi-quadratic voltage gain of D(2−D)/(1−D)2 and the other offering ...
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This study introduces a non-isolated semi-quadratic DC/DC buck-boost converter designed to enhance performance. Derived from a conventional CUK converter, the proposed topology operates in two distinct modes: one providing a semi-quadratic voltage gain of D(2−D)/(1−D)2 and the other offering a gain of D/(1−D). In addition, the proposed structure features constant input and output currents due to the presence of inductive filters at the input and output ports, which reduces the current stress on the capacitors at the output port and lowers the voltage ripple. Under steady-state conditions, the continuous conduction mode efficiency of the converter and small-signal modeling were analyzed by considering the effects of parasitic resistance. The results demonstrated lower total switching device power and a reduced component count than other buck-boost converters in dual-mode operation. The proposed converter was simulated using PLECS software. The experimental results were consistent with theoretical predictions due to their high efficiency and applications, particularly in photovoltaic systems and fuel cells.
Industrial Electronics
Babak Fathipour; Ebrahim Babaei; Ramin Kheyri; Samuel Nii Tackie
Abstract
In this paper, a single-phase boost AC-AC converter with inherent commutation and step-changed frequency operation is proposed. Distinct from conventional AC-AC converters, the proposed design achieves output voltage regulation utilizing one high-frequency switch. The inherent commutation feature of ...
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In this paper, a single-phase boost AC-AC converter with inherent commutation and step-changed frequency operation is proposed. Distinct from conventional AC-AC converters, the proposed design achieves output voltage regulation utilizing one high-frequency switch. The inherent commutation feature of the converter negates the necessity for additional snubber circuits or complex commutation strategies, thereby simplifying the control method for adjusting the output voltage amplitude and frequency. The continuous input current of the proposed converter eliminates the requirement for a bulky LC filter. A straightforward and adaptable switching strategy is implemented to produce output frequency variations. The approach of preventing the conduction of the body diode in power MOSFETs mitigates issues associated with poor reverse recovery, enabling high-speed switching. The operating principles of the converter are elucidated across various modes of operation, with key equations derived and analyzed. To substantiate the validity of the proposed design, simulation results obtained using PSCAD/EMTDC software at frequencies of 25Hz, 50Hz, and 100Hz are presented.
Industrial Electronics
Reza Hazratian; Ebrahim Afjei
Abstract
This paper introduces a high-gain, non-isolated DC-DC converter featuring a single switch and a straightforward driving circuit. The proposed topology employs a super-lift Lou converter beside inductor-based and capacitor-based voltage multiplier cell to enhance the voltage lift technique. The voltage ...
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This paper introduces a high-gain, non-isolated DC-DC converter featuring a single switch and a straightforward driving circuit. The proposed topology employs a super-lift Lou converter beside inductor-based and capacitor-based voltage multiplier cell to enhance the voltage lift technique. The voltage gain is capable of exceeding tenfold at low duty cycles. The input current is kept continuous to decrease the current stress of the input filter capacitor and the current stresses are less than the input current. Moreover, the voltage stresses remain below the output voltage, notably, the maximum value on the components is kept under half of the output voltage, marking a significant advancement for high-output voltage applications. Additionally, a common ground for the load and input source is established and the electromagnetic interference (EMI) noise issues are managed. The proposed topology is discussed in the ideal and non-ideal modes. Furthermore, the converter’s required relations are discussed in the continuous and discontinuous conduction modes (CCM & DCM). Then the suitable applications are discussed. Finally, this topology is highly recommended for high-intensity discharge (HID) lamps, supported by experimental results from a prototype with a 12 V input, 312 V output, 0.1 A output current and a 50 percent duty cycle.
Industrial Electronics
Hamed Abdi; Naghi Rostami; Ebrahim Babaei; Bulent Bilgehan Bilgehan
Abstract
In solar power plants with energy storage systems (ESSs), a multi-port DC-DC converter (MPDC) equipped with a bidirectional port is more favorable than multiple single-input converters due to its simpler control, higher efficiency, lower cost, and higher power density. This paper proposes a multiport ...
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In solar power plants with energy storage systems (ESSs), a multi-port DC-DC converter (MPDC) equipped with a bidirectional port is more favorable than multiple single-input converters due to its simpler control, higher efficiency, lower cost, and higher power density. This paper proposes a multiport DC-DC converter equipped with a bidirectional port for solar power plants. The proposed converter combines a multi-input cascaded structure with a switched capacitor (SC) cell, a three-winding coupled inductor (3WCI), and a bidirectional port connecting the ESS to the system. Key advantages of this converter include low normalized pick inversed voltage (NPIV) on semiconductors, continuous input current with low ripple, high voltage gain, common ground, high efficiency, and the capability to operate effectively in different operating states. Such performance of the proposed MPDC under various operating states facilitates the implementation of diverse energy management strategies within the grid. The various operating states of the proposed MPDC are analyzed in steady state, and the validation of the mentioned advantages is supported by presenting comparative results with other DC-DC converters. Finally, the results obtained from the analysis of the proposed converter are validated through simulations performed utilizing a co-simulation link between MATLAB and PSCAD/EMTDC software.
Industrial Electronics
Hadi Afsharirad; Fahimeh Sadighi-Amandi; Mohamad Reza Banaei; Sara Misaghi
Abstract
The use of DFIG-DC systems without stator voltage and current sensors has gained attention due to reduced costs and simplified control. However, diode rectifiers in these systems introduce current harmonics, degrading power quality and limiting performance at higher power levels. This study proposes ...
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The use of DFIG-DC systems without stator voltage and current sensors has gained attention due to reduced costs and simplified control. However, diode rectifiers in these systems introduce current harmonics, degrading power quality and limiting performance at higher power levels. This study proposes a new structure for DFIG-DC systems, replacing the conventional two-level inverter with a T-type converter to address these issues.The proposed system uses a T-type converter to enhance voltage levels, reducing current harmonics and improving power quality. It also eliminates stator voltage and current sensors, simplifying the control system and reducing costs. Performance analysis through MATLAB/Simulink simulations demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed system compared to conventional methods.The proposed DFIG-DC system with a T-type converter offers a cost-effective and efficient solution for reducing current harmonics and improving power quality. Its simplified control system and enhanced performance make it a promising approach for high-power applications in wind energy systems and other industrial uses. These findings highlight the system’s potential for improving reliability and operational efficiency in renewable energy and industrial applications.
Industrial Electronics
Davood Maleki; Abolfazl Halvaei Niasar
Abstract
Multiphase permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) are widely adopted in high-power-density and high-efficiency applications, particularly where reliability is a critical design requirement. This paper presents a control strategy for an asymmetric six-phase PMSM with a dual-winding per-phase stator ...
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Multiphase permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) are widely adopted in high-power-density and high-efficiency applications, particularly where reliability is a critical design requirement. This paper presents a control strategy for an asymmetric six-phase PMSM with a dual-winding per-phase stator configuration, where each phase consists of two physically aligned and symmetrically distributed windings relative to the stator center to ensure enhanced drive reliability. The system employs a fully modular control and power architecture, with each winding pair in a phase supplied by an independent single-phase H-bridge inverter. To mitigate torque ripple caused by non-sinusoidal back-EMF waveforms, an optimized harmonic current injection technique is implemented alongside quasi-proportional resonant (QPR) current controllers for precise harmonic compensation. Additionally, under fault conditions (e.g., winding failure), a fault-tolerant control (FTC) algorithm is applied, focusing on the suppression of second-order harmonic torque oscillations to maintain stable operation. The proposed control methodologies are validated through detailed Simulink simulations and further supported by experimental results, confirming their effectiveness in improving performance and reliability.
Industrial Electronics
Saleh Mohammadi; Hamid Reza Izadfar; Naser Eskandarian
Abstract
This research aims to provide a comprehensive review of various CCM control strategies for flyback inverters. The study is carried out based on published data in reports, papers and other available online documents. The introduced control strategies make use of different approaches to dominate the constraints ...
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This research aims to provide a comprehensive review of various CCM control strategies for flyback inverters. The study is carried out based on published data in reports, papers and other available online documents. The introduced control strategies make use of different approaches to dominate the constraints on determining the feedback control system gains caused by the zero put on right-half-plane (RHP) and dynamics of LC filter. Thus, the tracking of the considered output current is accurately implemented and the introduced control systems carry out the attenuation of disturbances. Moreover, zero steady-state error and the stability requirements are fulfilled by properly regulating the control signal. The best control structure should be enough fast employing the fewest number of delays in its structure resulting the burden in computational system to be considerably decreased.
Industrial Electronics
Javad Rahmanifard; Saeed Hasanzadeh
Abstract
This paper presents an Enhanced Model-Free Sliding Mode Control (EMFSMC) method tailored for the speed loop of a 12-slot/19-pole yokeless and segmented armature axial flux-switching permanent magnet (12S/19P YASA-AFFSSPM) motor, focusing on robustness against parameter perturbations. Traditional control ...
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This paper presents an Enhanced Model-Free Sliding Mode Control (EMFSMC) method tailored for the speed loop of a 12-slot/19-pole yokeless and segmented armature axial flux-switching permanent magnet (12S/19P YASA-AFFSSPM) motor, focusing on robustness against parameter perturbations. Traditional control techniques, such as Proportional-Integral (PI) control and Model-Free Sliding Mode Control (MFSMC), have shown limitations in handling the motor's nonlinear behavior and susceptibility to disturbances. The proposed EMFSMC algorithm optimizes speed loop performance by establishing a hyperlocal model of the YASA-AFFSSPM motor, which accounts for parameter variations. An improved double-power combinatorial reaching law is developed to enhance convergence rates during the sliding surface approach phase, while an Extended Sliding Mode Disturbance Observer (ESMDO) provides real-time monitoring of unknown disturbances affecting speed control. Simulation results demonstrate that the EMFSMC significantly accelerates the speed response time to approximately 0.015 seconds with minimal overshoot, compared to 0.04 seconds and a 12.5% overshoot with the MFSMC. Additionally, under sudden load conditions, the EMFSMC controller exhibits a speed drop of only 4 rpm, recovering to stability in about 0.01 seconds, while the MFSMC controller experiences a 9 rpm drop with a recovery time of 0.03 seconds. These findings confirm that the EMFSMC enhances the speed response rate and robustness of the speed loop, outperforming traditional control methodologies across various operating conditions.
Industrial Electronics
Jasem Shahsevani; Reza Beiranvand
Abstract
This article presents a transformer-less bidirectional converter, which is designed with dual resonant frequencies. It supports Electric Vehicle (EV) charging systems, via capacitive coupling wireless power transfer (CCWPT) technique. In addition, its bidirectional power transfer feature can be used ...
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This article presents a transformer-less bidirectional converter, which is designed with dual resonant frequencies. It supports Electric Vehicle (EV) charging systems, via capacitive coupling wireless power transfer (CCWPT) technique. In addition, its bidirectional power transfer feature can be used to return energy to the stations of the power-wall systems. This converter smoothly operates in both voltage step-up and step-down operation modes, which provides soft switching conditions for all semiconductor switches. Capacitive coupling technique provides robust galvanic isolation between the primary and secondary sides circuits, while the transformer-less design improves its efficiency and reduces its volume and cost, significantly. The proposed converter supports both full-bridge and half-bridge configurations to adapt to diverse power transfer requirements. The cost-effective CCWPT setup enables multi-EV charging from a single station. A prototype of the given converter has been meticulously developed and experimentally validated, demonstrating excellent performance. The converter efficiently converts output power in a wide range from 200 W to 1000 W, accommodates input voltage from 300 to 500 V, delivers a 400 V output voltage, which is suitable for EV battery charging. It also achieves maximum efficiency value of 96%, in practice.
Industrial Electronics
Amir M. Mohamadi; Navid R. Abjadi; Gholam Reza Arab Markadeh
Abstract
The Siwakoti-H inverter (SHI) with a flying capacitor is a recent addition to the transformerless inverter family, suitable for grid-connected single-phase photovoltaic systems. It offers a promising alternative to traditional topologies without the need for transformers, due to its minimal power electronic ...
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The Siwakoti-H inverter (SHI) with a flying capacitor is a recent addition to the transformerless inverter family, suitable for grid-connected single-phase photovoltaic systems. It offers a promising alternative to traditional topologies without the need for transformers, due to its minimal power electronic components. However, one of the key challenges in managing flying capacitor (FC) inverters is ensuring that the voltage of the FC remains within the desired range. Materials and Methods: To tackle this issue, first, a novel nonlinear model of the SHI is obtained defining two control inputs and two control outputs, and then a nonlinear feedback linearization (FBL) control design is proposed for the SHI when connected to a single-phase grid. This article introduces a novel approach to the modeling and control of the SHI enabling simultaneous control of both the injected current to the grid and the flying capacitor voltage. The proposed modeling and the designed control method play a crucial role in maintaining the capacitor voltage within the specified range and in tracking a sinusoidal reference for the injected current into the single-phase network. A PWM implementation of the proposed control is also suggested which is useful in the practical setup. The obtained model can be extended for the SHI with other line filters and it can be used to design more sophisticated controllers for SHI. The simulation and practical results presented in this study demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed modeling and control approach.
Industrial Electronics
Jasem Shahsevani; Reza Beiranvand
Abstract
Efficient and versatile charging solutions are essential for modern applications requiring portable energy systems. This paper presents a novel portable charger powered by an isolated split-core current clamp, enabling direct charging from power lines. The system utilizes inductive coupling to draw AC ...
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Efficient and versatile charging solutions are essential for modern applications requiring portable energy systems. This paper presents a novel portable charger powered by an isolated split-core current clamp, enabling direct charging from power lines. The system utilizes inductive coupling to draw AC current from these lines, which is then regulated to a precise voltage for battery replenishment. The proposed design features an interleaved resonant topology with a semi-active rectifier, achieving high efficiency and adaptability to a wide range of input voltages. This architecture supports a variable DC bus voltage, enabling the resonant converter to operate optimally near its resonant frequency for maximum performance. To ensure a lightweight and efficient design, the converter eliminates traditional transformers, incorporating a capacitive element within the resonant network for galvanic isolation. A cascaded dual-control strategy in the interleaved structure ensures precise voltage regulation. Designed to be compatible with 1-6 cell Li-Ion batteries, the charger offers extensive versatility. Experimental results from a 2.5-200 W prototype, with an output voltage range of 4.2-25.2 V, demonstrate a peak efficiency of 94%, validating the effectiveness of the proposed charger for grid-connected applications.
Industrial Electronics
Hayder Ameer Hasan Al-Ameedee; Majid Delshad; Nadheer Abdulridha Shalash; Bahador Fani
Abstract
In this study, a new converter featuring an auxiliary circuit configuration is presented, designed to facilitate soft switching conditions while minimizing the number of components used. This auxiliary circuit is innovatively developed to achieve zero voltage switching (ZVS) and effectively recover snubber ...
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In this study, a new converter featuring an auxiliary circuit configuration is presented, designed to facilitate soft switching conditions while minimizing the number of components used. This auxiliary circuit is innovatively developed to achieve zero voltage switching (ZVS) and effectively recover snubber energy to the input side, thereby enhancing the converter efficiency. Furthermore, the deliberate integration of coupled-inductors into the converter's design significantly boosts its gain while reducing voltage stress on the switching components. The modular architecture of the auxiliary circuit allows for the addition of circuit branches and an increase in power capacity without requiring extra components for its auxiliary circuit. To evaluate the performance of the proposed converter, extensive simulations were performed using PSPICE software, along with the construction of a laboratory prototype capable of operating at 170W. The alignment between the experimental results and simulation data strongly supports the theoretical analysis, illustrating the converter's potential for efficient power conversion in renewable energy systems.
Industrial Electronics
Hossein Gholizadeh; Sara Hasanpour
Abstract
In this paper, a new transformerless high step-up DC/DC converter with low input current ripple for renewable energy generation systems. This introduced circuit is based on a conventional quadratic boost converter with a CUK circuit. Therefore, the advantages of Cuk and quadratic boost converters such ...
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In this paper, a new transformerless high step-up DC/DC converter with low input current ripple for renewable energy generation systems. This introduced circuit is based on a conventional quadratic boost converter with a CUK circuit. Therefore, the advantages of Cuk and quadratic boost converters such as continuity of the input and output currents have been maintained. In this suggested topology, switched capacitor and switched inductor techniques are also considered to obtain high voltage gains. The series connection of an inductor with the load causes the converter to have no right half plane zeros (RHPZ) in the transfer function; Thus, the proposed structure is able to provide fast dynamic behavior under the load variation than the other typical counterparts. The other advanced features of the introduced topology are its ultra-high voltage gain, continuous input current with low ripple, low voltage stress, and common ground between the input source and output load. The voltage conversion ratio of the suggested topology for both ideal and non-ideal modes has been provided. The operating principle, steady-state analysis along with comparison study of the proposed converter are discussed in detail. Finally, to confirm the theoretical analysis, a 80 W (20 V/ 160 V) hardware prototype is established.
Industrial Electronics
Mahdi Elmi; Mohamad Reza Banaei; Hadi Afsharirad
Abstract
The objective of this paper is to propose, study and analyze a non-isolated high step-up SEPIC-based DC-DC converter for photovoltaic applications. The proposed structure is based on the SEPIC converter and utilizes a two-winding coupled inductor along with an improved voltage multiplier cell in order ...
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The objective of this paper is to propose, study and analyze a non-isolated high step-up SEPIC-based DC-DC converter for photovoltaic applications. The proposed structure is based on the SEPIC converter and utilizes a two-winding coupled inductor along with an improved voltage multiplier cell in order to enhance the output voltage level. Moreover, a passive voltage clamp is used to reduce the voltage stress on the main switch and recover the energy stored in the leakage inductance of the coupled inductor. Hence, an active switch with low RDS-ON could be employed. Meanwhile, due to soft switching condition at turn-off instant of diodes, their reverse-recovery problems are solved. Furthermore, the presented converter has the merits such as continuous input current, high efficiency and low cost and size which make it a promising solution for photovoltaic applications. At the end, the converter is compared to different types of DC-DC converters to show its advantages over the converters designed before. In order to verify the performance of the converter, a 200-W laboratory prototype is implemented and experimental results are taken and depicted. Results prove the feasibility and functionality of the presented converter for photovoltaic systems.
Industrial Electronics
Sirous Toofan; Babak Fathipour; Ebrahim Babaei
Abstract
— In this paper, a single switch transformer-less DC-DC converter with continuous input current for photovoltaic applications is proposed. The suggested configuration utilizes a CL1C2D2 structure to achieve a high voltage gain and alleviate voltage pressure on the semiconductor components. This ...
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— In this paper, a single switch transformer-less DC-DC converter with continuous input current for photovoltaic applications is proposed. The suggested configuration utilizes a CL1C2D2 structure to achieve a high voltage gain and alleviate voltage pressure on the semiconductor components. This design enables a significant increase in voltage output with a minimal turns ratio, leading to reduced size, weight, and cost of the converter system. The reduction in turns ratio of the coupled inductor results in lowered voltage stress on the semiconductor elements. Additionally, employing just one power switch in the converter simplifies control and reduces expenses. With its continuous input current, this converter is particularly well-suited for integration in photovoltaic systems. Simulation results conducted using PSCAD/EMTDC software validate the efficacy of the proposed power converter. Furthermore, the maximum power output of the photovoltaic module through an MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) controller under varying irradiance levels is determined, and simulations are executed using PSCAD/EMTDC.
Industrial Electronics
Keyvan Yari; Sara Hasanpour
Abstract
This paper presents a new high step-up DC-DC switched-mode converter in which not only the input and output ports can be connected to a common ground, but also the service time of the input source is extended due to continuous current injection to the proposed power converter. Furthermore, the fast dynamic ...
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This paper presents a new high step-up DC-DC switched-mode converter in which not only the input and output ports can be connected to a common ground, but also the service time of the input source is extended due to continuous current injection to the proposed power converter. Furthermore, the fast dynamic response is offered by minimum phase characteristics. This key feature is achieved by making the proposed converter’s control to output transfer function, free from the right half plane zero (RHPZ). Full description of the operation principles, theoretical analysis related to steady-state operation, and also the small-signal modelling derivation of the proposed converter, are presented in this paper. In the end, to confirm all the merits of the proposed converter and accuracy of theoretical analysis, a sample 25 V - 100 V laboratory prototype DC-DC converter with 100W output power has been implemented, and the main experimental results have also been outlined.
Industrial Electronics
Mohammad Ali Heydari; Mahdi HassanniaKheibari; Gholamreza Sadeghi
Abstract
Active power filters (APFs) play a vital role in reducing the current harmonics and improving power quality. This work studies a shunt APF (SAPF) based on the three-phase voltage source converter (VSC). This paper investigates the new robust control approach using error dynamics. Stable first-order error ...
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Active power filters (APFs) play a vital role in reducing the current harmonics and improving power quality. This work studies a shunt APF (SAPF) based on the three-phase voltage source converter (VSC). This paper investigates the new robust control approach using error dynamics. Stable first-order error dynamics are considered when designing the control inputs. Three control inputs are obtained to control the currents at any phase by choosing and optimizing the appropriate parameters. This strategy is also simple to implement in practical applications because it is the same as the proportional-derivative controller design. In addition, the new control method can be utilized for any system with low dynamic information so that the destructive effects of lumped uncertainties in the output channels of the SAPF can be alleviated. The minimum voltage and current measurements are used to control the SAPF, and the grid current harmonics will be reduced by achieving the stabilization of tracking error dynamics. Some numerical simulations are performed by MATLAB software to confirm the proposed method.
Industrial Electronics
Saeid Ahmadi; Kourosh Khalaj Monfared; Mohammad Khalilzadeh; Hossein Imaneini
Abstract
Power semiconductor devices are the most important components in power electronics applications. They are also the most fragile components of electronic circuits. A power semiconductor device's switching performance and protection depend on the gate drive circuit specifications. Therefore, choosing an ...
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Power semiconductor devices are the most important components in power electronics applications. They are also the most fragile components of electronic circuits. A power semiconductor device's switching performance and protection depend on the gate drive circuit specifications. Therefore, choosing an appropriate gate-driver and designing its corresponding circuits is necessary. This paper is a technical review of the proper design of gate drivers for silicon power switches (like Si IGBT and Si MOSFET) in industrial power electronics applications. In this paper first conducts an overview of the main specifications of gate drivers for industrial power electronics applications. Then, concerning the protective role that a gate-driver can provide, crucial points of an effective design are discussed. Finally, a circuit is proposed to test the gate driver's short-circuit protection. The circuit is experimentally evaluated for three gate drives, and the results are discussed. A practical comparison of the protection performance of commercial gate drives ACPL-330J, ACPL331, and PC929 is also conducted.
Industrial Electronics
Mohsen Rahmani; Seyed Masoud Barakati; Saeed Yousofi Darmian; Vahid Barahouei; Mohammad Bagheri Hashkavayi
Abstract
The modular multilevel converter (MMC) is a favored topology in the industry, but its reliability is at risk with an increase in the number of sub-modules (SMs) due to a rise in switching components. The essential need for maintaining capacitor voltage balance in each arm leads to increased complexity ...
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The modular multilevel converter (MMC) is a favored topology in the industry, but its reliability is at risk with an increase in the number of sub-modules (SMs) due to a rise in switching components. The essential need for maintaining capacitor voltage balance in each arm leads to increased complexity and cost, as numerous voltage sensors are required. This study introduces an innovative approach to minimize the number of voltage sensors by employing an enhanced algorithm for open-circuit fault detection in switches. The proposed scheme organizes each arm into groups, each containing two SMs and one voltage sensor, aiming to reduce the overall sensor count. A novel fault detection mechanism is presented, identifying open-circuit faults by comparing group output voltages in healthy and defective conditions. The capacitor voltage estimation algorithm in the sensor reduction scheme is noted for its simplicity compared to other methods. The effectiveness of these methods is validated through simulations and experimental implementations across diverse scenarios, affirming their reliability.
Industrial Electronics
Rohollah Abdollahi; Morteza Abdolhosseini
Abstract
In recent years, to increase the number of pulses in 12-pulse autotransformer rectifiers (12-PARs) and reduce the input current total harmonic distortion (IC-THD), without increasing the cost and complexity, the technique of pulse multiplication circuit has been proposed. With this approach in this paper, ...
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In recent years, to increase the number of pulses in 12-pulse autotransformer rectifiers (12-PARs) and reduce the input current total harmonic distortion (IC-THD), without increasing the cost and complexity, the technique of pulse multiplication circuit has been proposed. With this approach in this paper, to upgrade the rectifier structure from 12 pulses to 36 pulses, an auxiliary pulse tripling circuit (APTC) with a very small kilovolt ampere rate (a kilovolt ampere equal to 1.34% of the rated load power) is presented. The proposed APTC consists of an unconventional interphase transformer (UIPT) with two diodes in the primary winding and a single-phase diode bridge rectifier connected to the secondary winding. Also, the 12-phase autotransformer used in the proposed structure is based on a polygon connection with a very low kilovolt-ampere rate. As a result, the total kilovolt-ampere rate of the proposed 36-pulse autotransformer rectifier (36-PAR) is about 24% of the rated load power, which is much less compared to similar structures. Also, according to the simulation results, the IC-THD in the proposed rectifier is less than 3%.
Industrial Electronics
Mehran Jami
Abstract
In electric vehicles (EVs), the small size of the dc link capacitor results in significant voltage deviations when there are changes in load or uncertain fluctuations from the power resources. This causes a decline in voltage quality. To address the issue of low inertia, this study suggests the use of ...
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In electric vehicles (EVs), the small size of the dc link capacitor results in significant voltage deviations when there are changes in load or uncertain fluctuations from the power resources. This causes a decline in voltage quality. To address the issue of low inertia, this study suggests the use of a fast-responding energy storage system, such as a supercapacitor (SC), which can replicate inertial responses through a specified control algorithm. A virtual capacitor and a virtual conductance are presented in this paper, which are implemented in the inner loop control, specifically the current loop control of SC, to effectively emulate inertia and damping and improves the battery lifetime by reducing the rate of charge and discharge. To assess the stability of the EV, a comprehensive small-signal model is developed, and the acceptable range of inertia response parameters is determined through eigenvalues analysis of the system. Numerical simulations are conducted to demonstrate the performance of the proposed control structure.
Industrial Electronics
Mohammad Amin Bahramian; Mazdak Ebadi; Ali Asghar Ghadimi
Abstract
This paper investigates the starting current of an AC/DC/DC converter, consisting of a three-phase diode bridge rectifier and a synchronous buck converter. The use of microprocessors in such converters increases the total cost and also reduces reliability due to EMI phenomena. For this ...
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This paper investigates the starting current of an AC/DC/DC converter, consisting of a three-phase diode bridge rectifier and a synchronous buck converter. The use of microprocessors in such converters increases the total cost and also reduces reliability due to EMI phenomena. For this reason, by removing the microprocessor, a start-up plan including a limiting starting resistor and then soft starting the switching module is proposed in this paper. By modeling the system under different operating modes, a solution is presented to minimize the circuit startup period, which includes minimizing the bypass time of the startup resistor and reducing the switching soft startup period as possible. The proposed method has been implemented on a 15-kW converter feeding from a three-phase 380 V power grid and provides up to 300 Vdc/50 Adc to supply an electroplating pool. The results show that the sequential startup procedure, including using a 50 ohm/1500 w resistor for 3 seconds, and then bypassing it, then starting soft switching after half a second and during 1.5 s, can move this circuit to a steady state in 5 seconds, keeping current in all parts below half rated current.
