Industrial Electronics
saleh mohammadi; Hamid Reza Izadfar; naser eskandarian
Abstract
This research aims to provide a comprehensive review of various CCM control strategies for flyback inverters. The study is carried out based on published data in reports, papers and other available online documents. The introduced control strategies make use of different approaches to dominate the constraints ...
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This research aims to provide a comprehensive review of various CCM control strategies for flyback inverters. The study is carried out based on published data in reports, papers and other available online documents. The introduced control strategies make use of different approaches to dominate the constraints on determining the feedback control system gains caused by the zero put on right-half-plane (RHP) and dynamics of LC filter. Thus, the tracking of the considered output current is accurately implemented and the introduced control systems carry out the attenuation of disturbances. Moreover, zero steady-state error and the stability requirements are fulfilled by properly regulating the control signal. The best control structure should be enough fast employing the fewest number of delays in its structure resulting the burden in computational system to be considerably decreased.Keywords: Flyback micro-inverter, stability, photovoltaic (PV) system, right-half plane (RHP).title:On the advance of Flyback CCM Control Strategies: a comprehensive review
Industrial Electronics
Javad Rahmanifard; Saeed Hasanzadeh
Abstract
This paper presents an Enhanced Model-Free Sliding Mode Control (EMFSMC) method tailored for the speed loop of a 12-slot/19-pole yokeless and segmented armature axial flux-switching permanent magnet (12S/19P YASA-AFFSSPM) motor, focusing on robustness against parameter perturbations. Traditional control ...
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This paper presents an Enhanced Model-Free Sliding Mode Control (EMFSMC) method tailored for the speed loop of a 12-slot/19-pole yokeless and segmented armature axial flux-switching permanent magnet (12S/19P YASA-AFFSSPM) motor, focusing on robustness against parameter perturbations. Traditional control techniques, such as Proportional-Integral (PI) control and Model-Free Sliding Mode Control (MFSMC), have shown limitations in handling the motor's nonlinear behavior and susceptibility to disturbances. The proposed EMFSMC algorithm optimizes speed loop performance by establishing a hyperlocal model of the YASA-AFFSSPM motor, which accounts for parameter variations. An improved double-power combinatorial reaching law is developed to enhance convergence rates during the sliding surface approach phase, while an Extended Sliding Mode Disturbance Observer (ESMDO) provides real-time monitoring of unknown disturbances affecting speed control. Simulation results demonstrate that the EMFSMC significantly accelerates the speed response time to approximately 0.015 seconds with minimal overshoot, compared to 0.04 seconds and a 12.5% overshoot with the MFSMC. Additionally, under sudden load conditions, the EMFSMC controller exhibits a speed drop of only 4 rpm, recovering to stability in about 0.01 seconds, while the MFSMC controller experiences a 9 rpm drop with a recovery time of 0.03 seconds. These findings confirm that the EMFSMC enhances the speed response rate and robustness of the speed loop, outperforming traditional control methodologies across various operating conditions.
Industrial Electronics
Jasem Shahsevani; Reza Beiranvand
Abstract
This article presents a transformer-less bidirectional converter, which is designed with dual resonant frequencies. It supports Electric Vehicle (EV) charging systems, via capacitive coupling wireless power transfer (CCWPT) technique. In addition, its bidirectional power transfer feature can be used ...
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This article presents a transformer-less bidirectional converter, which is designed with dual resonant frequencies. It supports Electric Vehicle (EV) charging systems, via capacitive coupling wireless power transfer (CCWPT) technique. In addition, its bidirectional power transfer feature can be used to return energy to the stations of the power-wall systems. This converter smoothly operates in both voltage step-up and step-down operation modes, which provides soft switching conditions for all semiconductor switches. Capacitive coupling technique provides robust galvanic isolation between the primary and secondary sides circuits, while the transformer-less design improves its efficiency and reduces its volume and cost, significantly. The proposed converter supports both full-bridge and half-bridge configurations to adapt to diverse power transfer requirements. The cost-effective CCWPT setup enables multi-EV charging from a single station. A prototype of the given converter has been meticulously developed and experimentally validated, demonstrating excellent performance. The converter efficiently converts output power in a wide range from 200 W to 1000 W, accommodates input voltage from 300 to 500 V, delivers a 400 V output voltage, which is suitable for EV battery charging. It also achieves maximum efficiency value of 96%, in practice.
Industrial Electronics
Amir M. Mohamadi; Navid R. Abjadi; Gholam Reza Arab Markadeh
Abstract
The Siwakoti-H inverter (SHI) with a flying capacitor is a recent addition to the transformerless inverter family, suitable for grid-connected single-phase photovoltaic systems. It offers a promising alternative to traditional topologies without the need for transformers, due to its minimal power electronic ...
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The Siwakoti-H inverter (SHI) with a flying capacitor is a recent addition to the transformerless inverter family, suitable for grid-connected single-phase photovoltaic systems. It offers a promising alternative to traditional topologies without the need for transformers, due to its minimal power electronic components. However, one of the key challenges in managing flying capacitor (FC) inverters is ensuring that the voltage of the FC remains within the desired range. Materials and Methods: To tackle this issue, first, a novel nonlinear model of the SHI is obtained defining two control inputs and two control outputs, and then a nonlinear feedback linearization (FBL) control design is proposed for the SHI when connected to a single-phase grid. This article introduces a novel approach to the modeling and control of the SHI enabling simultaneous control of both the injected current to the grid and the flying capacitor voltage. The proposed modeling and the designed control method play a crucial role in maintaining the capacitor voltage within the specified range and in tracking a sinusoidal reference for the injected current into the single-phase network. A PWM implementation of the proposed control is also suggested which is useful in the practical setup. The obtained model can be extended for the SHI with other line filters and it can be used to design more sophisticated controllers for SHI. The simulation and practical results presented in this study demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed modeling and control approach.
Industrial Electronics
Hadi Afsharirad; Fahimeh Sadighi-Amandi; Mohamad Reza Banaei; Sara Misaghi
Abstract
The use of DFIG-DC systems without stator voltage and current sensors has gained attention due to reduced costs and simplified control. However, diode rectifiers in these systems introduce current harmonics, degrading power quality and limiting performance at higher power levels. This study proposes ...
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The use of DFIG-DC systems without stator voltage and current sensors has gained attention due to reduced costs and simplified control. However, diode rectifiers in these systems introduce current harmonics, degrading power quality and limiting performance at higher power levels. This study proposes a new structure for DFIG-DC systems, replacing the conventional two-level inverter with a T-type converter to address these issues.The proposed system uses a T-type converter to enhance voltage levels, reducing current harmonics and improving power quality. It also eliminates stator voltage and current sensors, simplifying the control system and reducing costs. Performance analysis through MATLAB/Simulink simulations demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed system compared to conventional methods.The proposed DFIG-DC system with a T-type converter offers a cost-effective and efficient solution for reducing current harmonics and improving power quality. Its simplified control system and enhanced performance make it a promising approach for high-power applications in wind energy systems and other industrial uses. These findings highlight the system’s potential for improving reliability and operational efficiency in renewable energy and industrial applications.
Industrial Electronics
Jasem Shahsevani; Reza Beiranvand
Abstract
Efficient and versatile charging solutions are essential for modern applications requiring portable energy systems. This paper presents a novel portable charger powered by an isolated split-core current clamp, enabling direct charging from power lines. The system utilizes inductive coupling to draw AC ...
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Efficient and versatile charging solutions are essential for modern applications requiring portable energy systems. This paper presents a novel portable charger powered by an isolated split-core current clamp, enabling direct charging from power lines. The system utilizes inductive coupling to draw AC current from these lines, which is then regulated to a precise voltage for battery replenishment. The proposed design features an interleaved resonant topology with a semi-active rectifier, achieving high efficiency and adaptability to a wide range of input voltages. This architecture supports a variable DC bus voltage, enabling the resonant converter to operate optimally near its resonant frequency for maximum performance. To ensure a lightweight and efficient design, the converter eliminates traditional transformers, incorporating a capacitive element within the resonant network for galvanic isolation. A cascaded dual-control strategy in the interleaved structure ensures precise voltage regulation. Designed to be compatible with 1-6 cell Li-Ion batteries, the charger offers extensive versatility. Experimental results from a 2.5-200 W prototype, with an output voltage range of 4.2-25.2 V, demonstrate a peak efficiency of 94%, validating the effectiveness of the proposed charger for grid-connected applications.
Industrial Electronics
Hayder Ameer Hasan Al-Ameedee; Majid Delshad; Nadheer Abdulridha Shalash; Bahador Fani
Abstract
In this study, a new converter featuring an auxiliary circuit configuration is presented, designed to facilitate soft switching conditions while minimizing the number of components used. This auxiliary circuit is innovatively developed to achieve zero voltage switching (ZVS) and effectively recover snubber ...
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In this study, a new converter featuring an auxiliary circuit configuration is presented, designed to facilitate soft switching conditions while minimizing the number of components used. This auxiliary circuit is innovatively developed to achieve zero voltage switching (ZVS) and effectively recover snubber energy to the input side, thereby enhancing the converter efficiency. Furthermore, the deliberate integration of coupled-inductors into the converter's design significantly boosts its gain while reducing voltage stress on the switching components. The modular architecture of the auxiliary circuit allows for the addition of circuit branches and an increase in power capacity without requiring extra components for its auxiliary circuit. To evaluate the performance of the proposed converter, extensive simulations were performed using PSPICE software, along with the construction of a laboratory prototype capable of operating at 170W. The alignment between the experimental results and simulation data strongly supports the theoretical analysis, illustrating the converter's potential for efficient power conversion in renewable energy systems.
Industrial Electronics
Hossein Gholizadeh; Sara Hasanpour
Abstract
In this paper, a new transformerless high step-up DC/DC converter with low input current ripple for renewable energy generation systems. This introduced circuit is based on a conventional quadratic boost converter with a CUK circuit. Therefore, the advantages of Cuk and quadratic boost converters such ...
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In this paper, a new transformerless high step-up DC/DC converter with low input current ripple for renewable energy generation systems. This introduced circuit is based on a conventional quadratic boost converter with a CUK circuit. Therefore, the advantages of Cuk and quadratic boost converters such as continuity of the input and output currents have been maintained. In this suggested topology, switched capacitor and switched inductor techniques are also considered to obtain high voltage gains. The series connection of an inductor with the load causes the converter to have no right half plane zeros (RHPZ) in the transfer function; Thus, the proposed structure is able to provide fast dynamic behavior under the load variation than the other typical counterparts. The other advanced features of the introduced topology are its ultra-high voltage gain, continuous input current with low ripple, low voltage stress, and common ground between the input source and output load. The voltage conversion ratio of the suggested topology for both ideal and non-ideal modes has been provided. The operating principle, steady-state analysis along with comparison study of the proposed converter are discussed in detail. Finally, to confirm the theoretical analysis, a 80 W (20 V/ 160 V) hardware prototype is established.
Industrial Electronics
Mahdi Elmi; Mohamad Reza Banaei; Hadi Afsharirad
Abstract
The objective of this paper is to propose, study and analyze a non-isolated high step-up SEPIC-based DC-DC converter for photovoltaic applications. The proposed structure is based on the SEPIC converter and utilizes a two-winding coupled inductor along with an improved voltage multiplier cell in order ...
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The objective of this paper is to propose, study and analyze a non-isolated high step-up SEPIC-based DC-DC converter for photovoltaic applications. The proposed structure is based on the SEPIC converter and utilizes a two-winding coupled inductor along with an improved voltage multiplier cell in order to enhance the output voltage level. Moreover, a passive voltage clamp is used to reduce the voltage stress on the main switch and recover the energy stored in the leakage inductance of the coupled inductor. Hence, an active switch with low RDS-ON could be employed. Meanwhile, due to soft switching condition at turn-off instant of diodes, their reverse-recovery problems are solved. Furthermore, the presented converter has the merits such as continuous input current, high efficiency and low cost and size which make it a promising solution for photovoltaic applications. At the end, the converter is compared to different types of DC-DC converters to show its advantages over the converters designed before. In order to verify the performance of the converter, a 200-W laboratory prototype is implemented and experimental results are taken and depicted. Results prove the feasibility and functionality of the presented converter for photovoltaic systems.
Industrial Electronics
Sirous Toofan; Babak Fathipour; Ebrahim Babaei
Abstract
— In this paper, a single switch transformer-less DC-DC converter with continuous input current for photovoltaic applications is proposed. The suggested configuration utilizes a CL1C2D2 structure to achieve a high voltage gain and alleviate voltage pressure on the semiconductor components. This ...
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— In this paper, a single switch transformer-less DC-DC converter with continuous input current for photovoltaic applications is proposed. The suggested configuration utilizes a CL1C2D2 structure to achieve a high voltage gain and alleviate voltage pressure on the semiconductor components. This design enables a significant increase in voltage output with a minimal turns ratio, leading to reduced size, weight, and cost of the converter system. The reduction in turns ratio of the coupled inductor results in lowered voltage stress on the semiconductor elements. Additionally, employing just one power switch in the converter simplifies control and reduces expenses. With its continuous input current, this converter is particularly well-suited for integration in photovoltaic systems. Simulation results conducted using PSCAD/EMTDC software validate the efficacy of the proposed power converter. Furthermore, the maximum power output of the photovoltaic module through an MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) controller under varying irradiance levels is determined, and simulations are executed using PSCAD/EMTDC.
Industrial Electronics
Keyvan Yari; Sara Hasanpour
Abstract
This paper presents a new high step-up DC-DC switched-mode converter in which not only the input and output ports can be connected to a common ground, but also the service time of the input source is extended due to continuous current injection to the proposed power converter. Furthermore, the fast dynamic ...
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This paper presents a new high step-up DC-DC switched-mode converter in which not only the input and output ports can be connected to a common ground, but also the service time of the input source is extended due to continuous current injection to the proposed power converter. Furthermore, the fast dynamic response is offered by minimum phase characteristics. This key feature is achieved by making the proposed converter’s control to output transfer function, free from the right half plane zero (RHPZ). Full description of the operation principles, theoretical analysis related to steady-state operation, and also the small-signal modelling derivation of the proposed converter, are presented in this paper. In the end, to confirm all the merits of the proposed converter and accuracy of theoretical analysis, a sample 25 V - 100 V laboratory prototype DC-DC converter with 100W output power has been implemented, and the main experimental results have also been outlined.
Industrial Electronics
Mohammad Ali Heydari; Mahdi HassanniaKheibari; Gholamreza Sadeghi
Abstract
Active power filters (APFs) play a vital role in reducing the current harmonics and improving power quality. This work studies a shunt APF (SAPF) based on the three-phase voltage source converter (VSC). This paper investigates the new robust control approach using error dynamics. Stable first-order error ...
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Active power filters (APFs) play a vital role in reducing the current harmonics and improving power quality. This work studies a shunt APF (SAPF) based on the three-phase voltage source converter (VSC). This paper investigates the new robust control approach using error dynamics. Stable first-order error dynamics are considered when designing the control inputs. Three control inputs are obtained to control the currents at any phase by choosing and optimizing the appropriate parameters. This strategy is also simple to implement in practical applications because it is the same as the proportional-derivative controller design. In addition, the new control method can be utilized for any system with low dynamic information so that the destructive effects of lumped uncertainties in the output channels of the SAPF can be alleviated. The minimum voltage and current measurements are used to control the SAPF, and the grid current harmonics will be reduced by achieving the stabilization of tracking error dynamics. Some numerical simulations are performed by MATLAB software to confirm the proposed method.
Industrial Electronics
Saeid Ahmadi; Kourosh Khalaj Monfared; Mohammad Khalilzadeh; Hossein Imaneini
Abstract
Power semiconductor devices are the most important components in power electronics applications. They are also the most fragile components of electronic circuits. A power semiconductor device's switching performance and protection depend on the gate drive circuit specifications. Therefore, choosing an ...
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Power semiconductor devices are the most important components in power electronics applications. They are also the most fragile components of electronic circuits. A power semiconductor device's switching performance and protection depend on the gate drive circuit specifications. Therefore, choosing an appropriate gate-driver and designing its corresponding circuits is necessary. This paper is a technical review of the proper design of gate drivers for silicon power switches (like Si IGBT and Si MOSFET) in industrial power electronics applications. In this paper first conducts an overview of the main specifications of gate drivers for industrial power electronics applications. Then, concerning the protective role that a gate-driver can provide, crucial points of an effective design are discussed. Finally, a circuit is proposed to test the gate driver's short-circuit protection. The circuit is experimentally evaluated for three gate drives, and the results are discussed. A practical comparison of the protection performance of commercial gate drives ACPL-330J, ACPL331, and PC929 is also conducted.
Industrial Electronics
Mohsen Rahmani; Seyed Masoud Barakati; Saeed Yousofi Darmian; Vahid Barahouei; Mohammad Bagheri Hashkavayi
Abstract
The modular multilevel converter (MMC) is a favored topology in the industry, but its reliability is at risk with an increase in the number of sub-modules (SMs) due to a rise in switching components. The essential need for maintaining capacitor voltage balance in each arm leads to increased complexity ...
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The modular multilevel converter (MMC) is a favored topology in the industry, but its reliability is at risk with an increase in the number of sub-modules (SMs) due to a rise in switching components. The essential need for maintaining capacitor voltage balance in each arm leads to increased complexity and cost, as numerous voltage sensors are required. This study introduces an innovative approach to minimize the number of voltage sensors by employing an enhanced algorithm for open-circuit fault detection in switches. The proposed scheme organizes each arm into groups, each containing two SMs and one voltage sensor, aiming to reduce the overall sensor count. A novel fault detection mechanism is presented, identifying open-circuit faults by comparing group output voltages in healthy and defective conditions. The capacitor voltage estimation algorithm in the sensor reduction scheme is noted for its simplicity compared to other methods. The effectiveness of these methods is validated through simulations and experimental implementations across diverse scenarios, affirming their reliability.
Industrial Electronics
Rohollah Abdollahi; Morteza Abdolhosseini
Abstract
In recent years, to increase the number of pulses in 12-pulse autotransformer rectifiers (12-PARs) and reduce the input current total harmonic distortion (IC-THD), without increasing the cost and complexity, the technique of pulse multiplication circuit has been proposed. With this approach in this paper, ...
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In recent years, to increase the number of pulses in 12-pulse autotransformer rectifiers (12-PARs) and reduce the input current total harmonic distortion (IC-THD), without increasing the cost and complexity, the technique of pulse multiplication circuit has been proposed. With this approach in this paper, to upgrade the rectifier structure from 12 pulses to 36 pulses, an auxiliary pulse tripling circuit (APTC) with a very small kilovolt ampere rate (a kilovolt ampere equal to 1.34% of the rated load power) is presented. The proposed APTC consists of an unconventional interphase transformer (UIPT) with two diodes in the primary winding and a single-phase diode bridge rectifier connected to the secondary winding. Also, the 12-phase autotransformer used in the proposed structure is based on a polygon connection with a very low kilovolt-ampere rate. As a result, the total kilovolt-ampere rate of the proposed 36-pulse autotransformer rectifier (36-PAR) is about 24% of the rated load power, which is much less compared to similar structures. Also, according to the simulation results, the IC-THD in the proposed rectifier is less than 3%.
Industrial Electronics
Mehran Jami
Abstract
In electric vehicles (EVs), the small size of the dc link capacitor results in significant voltage deviations when there are changes in load or uncertain fluctuations from the power resources. This causes a decline in voltage quality. To address the issue of low inertia, this study suggests the use of ...
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In electric vehicles (EVs), the small size of the dc link capacitor results in significant voltage deviations when there are changes in load or uncertain fluctuations from the power resources. This causes a decline in voltage quality. To address the issue of low inertia, this study suggests the use of a fast-responding energy storage system, such as a supercapacitor (SC), which can replicate inertial responses through a specified control algorithm. A virtual capacitor and a virtual conductance are presented in this paper, which are implemented in the inner loop control, specifically the current loop control of SC, to effectively emulate inertia and damping and improves the battery lifetime by reducing the rate of charge and discharge. To assess the stability of the EV, a comprehensive small-signal model is developed, and the acceptable range of inertia response parameters is determined through eigenvalues analysis of the system. Numerical simulations are conducted to demonstrate the performance of the proposed control structure.
Industrial Electronics
Mohammad Amin Bahramian; Mazdak Ebadi; Ali Asghar Ghadimi
Abstract
This paper investigates the starting current of an AC/DC/DC converter, consisting of a three-phase diode bridge rectifier and a synchronous buck converter. The use of microprocessors in such converters increases the total cost and also reduces reliability due to EMI phenomena. For this ...
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This paper investigates the starting current of an AC/DC/DC converter, consisting of a three-phase diode bridge rectifier and a synchronous buck converter. The use of microprocessors in such converters increases the total cost and also reduces reliability due to EMI phenomena. For this reason, by removing the microprocessor, a start-up plan including a limiting starting resistor and then soft starting the switching module is proposed in this paper. By modeling the system under different operating modes, a solution is presented to minimize the circuit startup period, which includes minimizing the bypass time of the startup resistor and reducing the switching soft startup period as possible. The proposed method has been implemented on a 15-kW converter feeding from a three-phase 380 V power grid and provides up to 300 Vdc/50 Adc to supply an electroplating pool. The results show that the sequential startup procedure, including using a 50 ohm/1500 w resistor for 3 seconds, and then bypassing it, then starting soft switching after half a second and during 1.5 s, can move this circuit to a steady state in 5 seconds, keeping current in all parts below half rated current.
Industrial Electronics
Sadegh Kalantari; Ali Madadi; Mehdi Ramezani; Abdolmotaleb Hajati
Abstract
Grinding in a ball mill is a process with high energy consumption; therefore, a slight improvement in its performance can lead to great economic benefit in the industry. The softness of the product of the grinding circuits prevents loss of energy in the subsequent processes. In addition, controlling ...
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Grinding in a ball mill is a process with high energy consumption; therefore, a slight improvement in its performance can lead to great economic benefit in the industry. The softness of the product of the grinding circuits prevents loss of energy in the subsequent processes. In addition, controlling the performance of a ball mill is a challenging issue due to its complex dynamic characteristics. The main purpose of this article is to use the ground particle size diagram and acoustic signal in ball mill control, and model their relationship based on least squares method. As a result, by extracting useful data from the the acoustic signal, the optimal condition of the ball mill_ in terms of ground particle size and ball mill load (normal, low, high)_ can be achieved. In doing so, this goal, in this article, innovative ideas such as adaptive quantum basis, sparse representation, SVD and PCA-based methods were used. The proposed method has been practically implemented on the ball mill of Lakan lead-zinc processing plant. Also, a prototype of the device was built. The test results show that the optimal load for the studied ball mill is 10t/h. In this case, the ground particle size is 110-120 microns which is ideal for the purposes of this plant. Also, the power spectrum is in the middle frequency band (frequency range of 300-700 Hz). According to the analysis and results, the proposed method will increase the efficiency of the studied ball mill.
Industrial Electronics
Mehran Safdari; Mohammad Reza Alizadeh Pahlavani; Arash Dehestani Kolagar
Abstract
Active front end (AFE) rectifiers are introduced with bidirectional power transfer capability for the power factor correction and current harmonics elimination. This paper proposes an adaptive model predictive control (MPC) for a single-phase AFE rectifier. The AFE topology used in this paper, is a half-bridge ...
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Active front end (AFE) rectifiers are introduced with bidirectional power transfer capability for the power factor correction and current harmonics elimination. This paper proposes an adaptive model predictive control (MPC) for a single-phase AFE rectifier. The AFE topology used in this paper, is a half-bridge boost converter. In comparison with other single-phase AFEs, this topology has higher efficiency due to a lower number of active semiconductor devices. Considering the presence of one leg of capacitors in this topology, the balancing of the these capacitors voltages is known to be a challenge, along with other control objectives. Also, this paper benefits from an MPC control approach by which the switching signal for every switching state is chosen such that the defined cost function becomes minimized in operation state to achieve all control goals based on the predefined model of the rectifier. Furthermore, an adaptive algorithm for the inductor current estimation is presented to robust the control system against any unwanted disturbance in the control system. As a demonstration of the superior performance of the proposed method, a 1kW rectifier setup with 700Vdc output voltage fed from a 230Vrms/50Hz grid is built in the laboratory. The applicability of the MPC controller is verified and all operation waveforms of the test setup are presented. The proposed method offers a high-quality input current with total harmonic distortion (THD) below 5% and a high power factor (PF) close to one. Also, the efficiency is comparable with the available commercialized rectifiers
Industrial Electronics
Roya Naderi; Ebrahim Babaei
Abstract
In this paper, a new basic unit is proposed for multilevel inverters. Then, a series connection of the proposed basic unit is used to recommend a new topology for multilevel inverters. To determine the magnitude of dc voltage sources, a new algorithm is presented. For the proposed algorithm, different ...
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In this paper, a new basic unit is proposed for multilevel inverters. Then, a series connection of the proposed basic unit is used to recommend a new topology for multilevel inverters. To determine the magnitude of dc voltage sources, a new algorithm is presented. For the proposed algorithm, different performance parameters such as total voltage rating of switches (TVRS), number of gate drivers, and number of required sources are calculated as a function of the number of output voltage levels and are compared with other topologies. The comparison proves that the proposed cascaded topology requires fewer components and gate driver circuits than most of the other conventional topologies. Moreover, the voltage rating of switches is less than the other topologies which result lower cost and control complexity. Finally, the correctness of the theoretical analysis and the performance of the proposed inverter are verified using the laboratory and simulation results under different scenarios.
Industrial Electronics
Poorya Rahmati kahkha; Alireza HossienPour; Ahmad Khajeh
Abstract
Power electronics converters application has increased in the modern distribution systems due to their advantages to control and process the power flow. Unfortunately, these converters generate harmful harmonics and inject to the grid. The modern standards of the systems accepts which the grid includes ...
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Power electronics converters application has increased in the modern distribution systems due to their advantages to control and process the power flow. Unfortunately, these converters generate harmful harmonics and inject to the grid. The modern standards of the systems accepts which the grid includes harmonics but they have to be less than specified value. In order to satisfy standards, power filters must be added to nonlinear loads. In this paper, a new hybrid power filter is proposed which achieves them. Furthermore, the conventional six-switch inverter of active power filters is substituted to decrease the overall cost and complexity of the system. In order to design the parameters of the passive part of the filter, the SPEA-II meta-heuristic optimization algorithm is used which minimized the overall cost as well as harmonics suppression. Consequently, the four-switch inverter along with optimized design of the passive part makes the proposed hybrid active filter attractive for practical applications. The THD of the injected current to the grid as a critical index in different nonlinear and dynamic loads is less that 2%. Simulation results in different scenarios show the effectiveness of the proposed hybrid filter.
Industrial Electronics
Morteza Ghaseminezhad; Morteza Jadidoleslam
Abstract
The use of permanent magnets in the structure of electric machines, in addition to simplifying design and construction by reducing losses, leads to increased efficiency in the motor. However, the magnetic material can be damaged by failure caused by faults such as short circuits in the electronic driver ...
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The use of permanent magnets in the structure of electric machines, in addition to simplifying design and construction by reducing losses, leads to increased efficiency in the motor. However, the magnetic material can be damaged by failure caused by faults such as short circuits in the electronic driver of the motor. Magnets containing samarium and neodymium are completely brittle and easy to crack. These elements are also very vulnerable due to their crystalline structure and grain texture. Magnet defect fault is one of the most common faults in permanent magnet machines. In this paper, a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) with a magnet defect fault is simulated using the finite element method. Moreover, Prony's method is modified by the matrix pencil method for the estimation of the component created in the stator current. The frequency spectrum of magnetic flux density and stator current in both faulty and healthy modes are extracted and fault detection is done through a modified Prony's method.
Industrial Electronics
Nasim Bagheri; Hasan Alipour; Leila Mohammadian; Jamal Beiza; Mohsen Ebadpour
Abstract
This paper proposes an integrated bidirectional multiport DC-DC converter for battery charging of plug-in electric vehicles, which is able to integrate the photovoltaic (PV) system, traction batteries, and the AC grid. The presented converter is more reliable than the conventional topologies because ...
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This paper proposes an integrated bidirectional multiport DC-DC converter for battery charging of plug-in electric vehicles, which is able to integrate the photovoltaic (PV) system, traction batteries, and the AC grid. The presented converter is more reliable than the conventional topologies because both PV panels and the grid can simultaneously or separately deliver power to the high voltage batteries. In addition, the topology is bidirectional can transfer power from batteries to the AC grid by employing half-bridge CLLC converter with fewer switches. Moreover, a unified controller along with optimum maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm is utilized for control of the converter. The converter topology, control system, and operating scenarios are analyzed by using state space modeling. To evaluate the whole system performance, MATLAB/Simulink software is used to test the converter’s operation during different conditions. The simulation results depict that the proposed converter is not only able to control the batteries charge and discharge according to the state of the charge, but also maintain the DC-link voltage of the grid side to be in constant level.
Industrial Electronics
Rohollah Abdollahi; Alireza Reisi
Abstract
The 12-pulse diode rectifier (12-PDR) fails to comply with the limits of total harmonic distortion (THD) of supply current to be less than 5% specified in the IEEE Standard 519. Passive harmonic suppression circuits (PHSCs) have been observed to be a viable and cost-effective solution to improve the ...
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The 12-pulse diode rectifier (12-PDR) fails to comply with the limits of total harmonic distortion (THD) of supply current to be less than 5% specified in the IEEE Standard 519. Passive harmonic suppression circuits (PHSCs) have been observed to be a viable and cost-effective solution to improve the THD of AC-mains current at a reduced cost. PHSCs increase the number of rectification pulses without leading to significant changes in the installations and yield harmonic reduction in both AC and DC sides. This paper presents a comparative analysis of two novel PHSCs connected at the DC-bus of 12-PDR. One is PHSC-I based on four tapped reactors (FTRs) and four auxiliary diodes; the other is PHSC-II, with two tapped reactors (TTRs) and two auxiliary diodes. The operation modes and optimal parameters of both PHSCs are analyzed with similar inputs (AC side) and outputs (DC side). Both 12-PDR are connected to the same AC source as input, and both PHSCs supplied similar DC loads at their outputs, thus leading to an accurate and fair comparison between the two PHSCs. The results show that the input current THD of a 12-PDR with PHSC-II is lower than that of a PHSC-I and lower than existing passive harmonic suppression circuits. In addition, PHSC-II leads to lower connection losses, current stress, and cost than PHSC-I, so in industrial applications that require low input current THD, low connection losses/current stress, and low cost, PHSC-II is highly recommended.
Industrial Electronics
Hamed Shadfar; Hamid Reza Izadfar
Abstract
Audible noise radiated by electrical machines is gaining more and more importance in the design process of electrical machines. The radial electromagnetic forces in induction motors play an important role in the production of audible noise and vibrations. The magnetic flux pulsations at the iron surfaces ...
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Audible noise radiated by electrical machines is gaining more and more importance in the design process of electrical machines. The radial electromagnetic forces in induction motors play an important role in the production of audible noise and vibrations. The magnetic flux pulsations at the iron surfaces produce these radial forces which act on the stator and rotor structures. A squirrel-cage induction motor produces electromagnetic vibration and noise caused by interaction between many harmonic fluxes in the air gap. In this paper, a new structure of the squirrel cage rotor to improve the distribution of the air gap magnetic flux and reduce the electromagnetic forces and, consequently, the electromagnetic noise in a single-phase induction motor will be introduced. For this purpose, in the proposed design the rotor bars are located on the rotor according to a sinusoidal form. The results show that this structure of the rotor improves the dynamic behavior and many parameters such as electromagnetic forces, harmonic distortion of magnetic flux, and torque ripple.
